رشد انرژی های تجدیدپذیر در برج های سیار: نقش بازیگران اکوسیستم و فناوری های نوآورانه
At the end of 2020, GSMA CleanTech released the "Renewable Energy for Mobile Towers" report, which examines the current state of the mobile tower industry, how it has changed in recent years, and, in most cases, the hurdles that still need to be overcome. Off-grid and bad grid towers can use renewable energy. While revealing some positive trends, the report also highlights the opportunity to reduce the 2.2 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions from diesel generators in off-grid and broken-grid towers per year. The report's findings are summarized in a short video, which can be viewed here.
This blog is the first in a series highlighting examples of technological innovation and pioneering work being done across the industry. We will examine the role of four stakeholder groups: ecosystem players, mobile network operators, tower companies and energy service providers in driving increased use of renewable energy in mobile towers. In this first blog, we look at the role of a key group of organizations we call "ecosystem actors". The technologies and deployments cited in the first blog came from representatives from Ericsson, Huawei and ZTE who kindly shared examples of how they are supporting industry adoption of renewable energy.
مکان هایی با فضای محدود یا سایه برای خورشیدی مناسب نیستند
The past decade has seen a remarkable series of innovations that together have truly transformed the way renewable energy is used to power, operate and protect mobile towers. Previously, many areas were considered unsuitable for photovoltaic (PV) panels, especially if these sites offered limited space or were in shade. However, newer photovoltaic optimizer technologies, such as Huawei's iPV products, allow solar panels in series (one after the other) to communicate via powerline communication technology and automatically change voltage and current to ensure they consistently deliver maximum power. This reduces shadow effects on adjacent panels by up to 67 percent , and also provides greater flexibility in the number of panels that can be used. The deployment of this technology in Europe and Asia has boosted electricity demand at 2.5kW sites with 24 percent less space than would be expected using unoptimized panels. For example, in Pakistan, ZTE has retrofitted more than 200 sites with solar equipment without site expansion; these sites subsequently saved 80 percent of diesel fuel costs.
شرایط محیطی شدید، راه حل های تجدیدپذیر را نامناسب می کند
در گذشته، سیستمهای انرژی تجدیدپذیر در مقایسه با سیستمهای دیزلی برای مقابله با دماهای شدید مشکل داشتند. با پیشرفت های قابل توجه در فناوری باتری، شیمی باتری اکنون تحمل دمای بیشتری را ارائه می دهد. ZTE با استفاده از باتریهای{0}}مقاوم در برابر حرارت و مدار بالا{1} خود، یک محلول هیبریدی سلول خورشیدی را در دماهای بسیار پایین بالای 5،000 متر بالاتر از سطح دریا در نپال، و یک سیستم خورشیدی با موفقیت به کار گرفته است. سیستم باتری -دیزل-در سودان جنوبی، جایی که دما به 40 درجه سانتیگراد میرسد. با انجام این کار، ZTE به طور قانع کننده ای نشان داده است که سیستم باتری می تواند در محیط های حرارتی چالش برانگیز کار کند.
ZTE در ارتفاع 5180 متری از سطح دریا در قله اورست در نپال مستقر شده است. دسترسی بسیار دشوار در سایت-به این معنی است که معماری سیستم هیبریدی سلول خورشیدی کم تعمیر و نگهداری بهترین گزینه است.
استفاده از منابع انرژی متعدد چالش هایی را در مدیریت انرژی ایجاد می کند
Despite their negative impact on the environment, diesel generators have long been seen as an extremely reliable alternative energy source in the event of grid unavailability or disruption. However, recent advances in connectivity and remote data management have enabled new energy management systems such as iEnergy (ZTE), NetEco (Huawei) and Ericsson Network Manager to manage hybrid energy systems more efficiently. By processing data on battery state of charge and solar radiation, among many other variables, cloud-based software leveraging AI data processing techniques can provide intelligent, actionable insights to help operators optimize power generation and energy usage. This, in turn, helps maintain the longevity of the equipment, minimizes energy costs and ensures uninterrupted power for radio equipment. For grid-connected systems, teleintelligence is now able to optimize grid demand based on tariffs, minimize power consumption during times of high tariffs, and reduce peak power demand (peak shaving), thereby minimizing costs. Examples of recent successful remote data management include Ericsson's 13kWp solar-diesel hybrid system in Bolivia and Huawei's 6kWp solar-diesel hybrid system in Ethiopia. The Ericsson Enclosure 6150 product with solar add-on rack provides existing and new build sites with the ability to add up to 10kWp of solar power, seamlessly managing additional power in on-grid and off-grid applications. Minimize the power consumed at higher rate times and reduce peak power demand (peak shaving) to minimize costs. Examples of recent successful remote data management include Ericsson's 13kWp solar-diesel hybrid system in Bolivia and Huawei's 6kWp solar-diesel hybrid system in Ethiopia. The Ericsson Enclosure 6150 product with solar add-on rack provides existing and new build sites with the ability to add up to 10kWp of solar power, seamlessly managing additional power in on-grid and off-grid applications. Minimize the power consumed at higher rate times and reduce peak power demand (peak shaving) to minimize costs. Examples of recent successful remote data management include Ericsson's 13kWp solar-diesel hybrid system in Bolivia and Huawei's 6kWp solar-diesel hybrid system in Ethiopia. The Ericsson Enclosure 6150 product with solar add-on rack provides existing and new build sites with the ability to add up to 10kWp of solar power, seamlessly managing additional power in on-grid and off-grid applications.
تغییرپذیری در تابش باد و خورشید به این معنی است که انرژی های تجدیدپذیر نمی توانند برق پایدار را تامین کنند
Huawei's solar-diesel hybrid system in Ethiopia. The addition of solar energy is estimated to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 26 metric tons per year.
Importantly, weather data can also be fed into management systems, allowing them to predict and optimize energy flow. Predictive analytics means the tower's power management parameters can change daily based on local weather conditions, saving money. For example, the system can shut down diesel generators or stop drawing electricity from the grid based on forecasts of weather and on-site load. This allows the battery to release more energy at night and store more solar energy. As a result, this reduces the system's dependence on diesel and the grid. A solar-diesel hybrid system implemented by Huawei in Somalia, which replaced pure diesel electricity, realized a return on investment in less than three years after the system was installed.
خرابی های سیستم برای تشخیص و تعمیر نیاز به بازدید از سایت- دارند
Another benefit of these new monitoring systems is that they allow operators to identify faults remotely. This allows operators to reduce site visits, resolve faults faster, and perform pre-emptive maintenance. Of course, the combined result is lower operating costs and less system downtime. In Tanzania, for example, Ericsson has deployed a pure solar off-grid system using its Enclosure 6135 product, which has a solar energy converter capacity of 20kW. Because Ericsson's monitoring platform combines data from passive devices (such as batteries) and active site devices (such as radio communication equipment), site-wide information can be viewed on a single platform. This provides real-time remote control of all assets, increasing site security,
سرقت تجهیزات
اریکسون یک سایت خورشیدی خالص را در تانزانیا با Enclosure 6135 مستقر می کند.
Finally, the continued digitization of mobile tower power systems is unlocking the capabilities of technology to reduce a major problem facing many remote mobile towers: asset theft. Huawei's NetEco surveillance system can track GPS-embedded devices, including lithium-ion batteries, while software can allow stolen devices to shut down when connected to unregistered devices. Additionally, accelerometers and gyroscopes can detect if the device moves unexpectedly and trigger an alarm. The deployment of ZTE's smart SmartLi lithium-ion batteries in Pakistan has achieved remarkable results, with more than 11,000 SmartLi batteries deployed in Pakistan, including at sites where lead-acid batteries are combined. In Libya, SmartLi-deployed sites address persistent battery theft,
در طول دهه گذشته، چالش های فنی به عنوان دلیلی برای عدم پذیرش انرژی های تجدید پذیر ذکر شده است. با این حال، با استفاده از راهحلهای نوآورانه و فناوریهای پیشرفته، غلبه بر این چالشها امکانپذیر شده است و اکنون از نظر فنی میتوان راهحلهای انرژیهای تجدیدپذیر را حتی در سختترین مکانها پیادهسازی کرد. در آینده، به نظر میرسد که این بازیگران اکوسیستم به افزایش دامنه راهحلهای انرژی تجدیدپذیر که ارائه میکنند ادامه خواهند داد. به عنوان مثال، اریکسون با چشم انداز یک شرکت انرژی های تجدیدپذیر 100 درصد، راه حل های انرژی بادی را در سال 2021 به منظور تکمیل تولید انرژی خورشیدی و ذخیره سازی یون لیتیوم به عنوان بخشی از آخرین نسل تجهیزات خود (Enclosure 6140) برای رشد به کار خواهد گرفت. در بخش اریکسون در حال حاضر در حال آزمایش با راهحلهای کوچک--نصب{5}}میکر- خورشیدی،
